Sɛ́ obi a ɔde Dodine ma wɔ China no, minim hia a ɛho hia sɛ wobedi mmara mu gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛfa nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae ho no so yiye, titiriw bere a ɛfa Dodine nkae a ɛboro so ho no. Dodine, aduru a wɔde kum fungi a wɔde di dwuma kɛse - no di dwuma titiriw wɔ nnɔbae a wɔbɔ ho ban fi fungal nyarewa ahorow ho. Nanso, nkae a ɛboro so a ɛwɔ hɔ no betumi de asiane aba nnipa akwahosan ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia so, na ɛno ama wɔanya mmara nhyehyɛe a wɔakyerɛkyerɛ mu yiye - wɔ China a wɔde bɛhwɛ sɛnea wɔde di dwuma ne nkae dodow so.
China Mmara Nhyehyɛe a Ɛfa Nnuru a Wɔde Di Dwuma Nnuru a Wɔde Di Dwuma Ho
China de mmara nhyehyɛe a edi mũ asi hɔ a wɔde bedi nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa a wɔaka ho dwuma, a wɔn botae ne sɛ wɔbɛbɔ aduan a ahobammɔ wom, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho banbɔ, ne ɔmanfo akwahosan ho ban. Kuadwuma ne Nkuraase Nsɛm Dwumadibea (MARA) ne tumidi titiriw a ɛhwɛ ma wɔyɛ mmara a ɛfa nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa - ho na wɔde di dwuma.
Ɔman Aduan Ahobammɔ Gyinapɛn - Anohyeto a Ɛsen Biara a Ɛma Nnuru a Wɔde Di Dwuma Wɔ Aduan Mu (GB 2763) ne China tweatibo a wɔde di nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae ho dwuma no mu. Saa gyinapɛn yi de anohyeto a ɛsen biara a wɔma ho kwan sɛ wɔde bɛka nnuru (MRLs) ma nnuru ahorow pii a wɔde kum mmoawa, a Dodine ka ho, wɔ nnuan ahorow mu. Saa MRL ahorow yi gyina nyansahu mu asiane ho nhwehwɛmu so, na wosusuw nneɛma te sɛ awuduru a ɛwɔ nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa no mu, aduan dodow a wodi, ne akwan a wobetumi afa so de adi dwuma no ho.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wɔde Dodine di dwuma wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ so a, MRL a wɔakyerɛ wɔ GB 2763 no bɛkyerɛ Dodine nkae dodow a ɛsen biara a wɔma ho kwan wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔtɔn wɔ China gua so no mu. Adeɛ biara a Dodine nkaeɛ boro saa anohyetoɔ yi so no, wɔbu no sɛ ɛnni - mmara so.
Mmara kwan so Asɛyɛde a Ɛwɔ Dodine Nkae a Ɛboro So Ho
1. Wɔn a wɔde nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa ma no
Sɛ́ obi a ɔde Dodine ma wɔ China no, yɛwɔ mmara kwan so asɛyɛde ahorow pii. Nea edi kan no, wɔhwehwɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ sɛ Dodine nneɛma a yɛde ma no hyia ɔman no mu nneɛma a ɛyɛ papa ne ahobammɔ gyinapɛn ahorow. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔde nneɛma ho nkyerɛwde a edi mu a ɛkyerɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ no, akwankyerɛ a wɔde bedi dwuma, ahobammɔ ho ahwɛyiye, ne MRL ho nsɛm pefee bɛma.
Sɛ wohu sɛ yɛn nneɛma na ɛde Dodine nkae a ɛboro so wɔ kuayɛ mu nneɛma mu ba a, yebetumi ahyia mmara kwan so nsunsuanso. Mmarahyɛ baguafo no betumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ yɛn nneɛma a yɛyɛ, tebea horow a wɔkora so, ne akwan a wɔfa so hwɛ nneɛma no yiyedi so. Sɛ wohu sɛ wɔabu mmara so a, wobetumi abɔ yɛn ka, wɔagyae adwumayɛ, anaa mpo wobegye yɛn adwumayɛ tumi krataa no afi yɛn nsam.
Bio nso, ɛyɛ yɛn asɛdeɛ wɔ mmara mu sɛ yɛde mfiridwuma ho mmoa ne nteteeɛ ma yɛn adetɔfoɔ, te sɛ akuafoɔ ne kuayɛ adwumayɛkuo, wɔ Dodine a wɔde bedi dwuma yie ho. Eyi boa ma wɔasiw nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa no a wɔde bedi dwuma boro so - ano, a ɛyɛ ade a ɛtaa de nkae a ɛboro so ba.
2. Ma Akuafoɔ ne Kuadwuma mu Nneɛma a Wɔyɛ
Wɔbu akuafoɔ ne akuafoɔ a wɔyɛ kua a wɔde Dodine di dwuma no nso ho akontaa wɔ nkaeɛ dodoɔ a ɛboro soɔ ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ wodi akwankyerɛ a wɔde di dwuma a nea ɔde nneɛma ma no de ama wɔn ne ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛwɔ mmara a ɛfa ho mu no akyi. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne dodow a ɛfata a wɔde bedi dwuma, ahwɛ bere a wɔde di dwuma ansa na - twa bere (PHI), a ɛyɛ bere a ɛda aduru a wɔde kum mmoawa no a etwa to a wɔde bedi dwuma ne bere a wotwaa nnɔbae no ntam.
Sɛ wohu kuayɛ mu nneɛma a Dodine nkaeɛ boro so a, akuafoɔ bɛtumi ahyia asotwe te sɛ nneɛma a ɛnni - mmara so a wɔbɛgye, asotwe, ne anohyetoɔ a wɔde bɛma wɔ nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa a wɔde di dwuma daakye ho. Bio nso, wɔbɛtumi atua akatua sɛ nneɛma a ɛnni - mmara no de ɔhaw ba adetɔfoɔ anaa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia so a.
3. Wɔn a Wɔyɛ Aduan ne Aguadifo
Wɔn a wɔyɛ nnuan ne aguadifo nso wɔ mmara kwan so asɛyɛde ahorow. Wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ kuayɛ mu nneɛma a ɛba no ho de hwɛ sɛ ɛdi MRL ahwehwɛdeɛ no so. Sɛ wɔantumi anyɛ saa na wɔkyekyɛ nneɛma a Dodine nkae boro so a, wobetumi de asodi ato wɔn so.
Sɛ wɔsan frɛ nneɛma esiane Dodine nkae a ɛboro so nti a, wɔn a wɔyɛ nnuan ne aguadifo betumi ahyia sikasɛm mu adehwere kɛse, a nea ɛka ho ne ɛka a wɔbɔ wɔ nneɛma no a wɔbɛsan de aba, akatua a wɔde ma adetɔfo, ne wɔn din a wɔsɛe no.
Akwan a Wɔfa so Hwɛ So na Wɔde Di Dwuma
China de multi - level monitoring and enforcement system asi hɔ de ahwɛ sɛ wodi nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa nkae ho mmara so. Wɔ ɔman no mu no, MARA yɛ asiane nhwehwɛmu daa na ɛyɛ nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde bɛhyɛ nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae no mu den.
Mpɔtam hɔ kuayɛ ne gua so hwɛ dwumadibea ahorow no na ɛhwɛ wɔ - beae hɔ nhwehwɛmu, nhwɛsode, ne kuayɛ mu nneɛma ne nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa a wɔsɔ hwɛ. Wɔde nhwehwɛmu akwan a ɛkɔ akyiri te sɛ high - performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ne mass spectrometry (MS) di dwuma de hu Dodine nkae no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Sɛ wohu nkae a ɛboro so bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no a, mmarahyɛ baguafo no befi ase ayɛ nhwehwɛmu de ahu faako a ɔhaw no fi. Ebia wɔbɛhwehwɛ nneɛma a wɔde ma no afi kuayɛ mu nneɛma no so akɔ nea ɔde nnuru a ekum mmoawa ma, okuafo, anaa nnipa afoforo a ɛfa ho no so.
Nkɛntɛnso a Ɛnya wɔ Guadi ne Nnwumayɛbea So
Mmara a emu yɛ den a ɛfa Dodine nkae a ɛboro so ho no nya nkɛntɛnso kɛse wɔ gua ne nnwuma no so. Wɔ wɔn a wɔde nneɛma ma te sɛ yɛn fam no, ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ yɛde sika pii hyɛ nhwehwɛmu ne nkɔso mu na ama yɛn nneɛma no ayɛ papa na ahobammɔ atu mpɔn. Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhyɛ yɛn nhyehyɛe a yɛde hwɛ nneɛma pa so nso mu den na ama yɛahwɛ sɛ yɛn nneɛma no di mmara ahwehwɛde a ɛresakra bere nyinaa - no ho dwuma.
Wɔ akuafo fam no, ɛhyɛ wɔn nkuran sɛ wɔmfa nyansahu mu kuayɛ nneyɛe a ɛtra hɔ daa ntom. Wɔtaa de nnuru a ekum mmoawa di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ntease wom so, na ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛka nneɛma a ɛboro so no so nko, na mmom ɛboa ma wɔbɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ne mmoawa a mfaso wɔ so ho ban nso.
Wɔ nnuan ho gua so no, adetɔfo rehu nnuan ahobammɔ ho nsɛm kɛse. Nneɛma a ɛne nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa nkae ho mmara hyia no taa nya adetɔfo mu ahotoso na ɛwɔ akansi mu nkɔanim wɔ gua so.4-sɔhwɛdfgsdfg
Awie
Sɛ́ obi a ɔde Dodine ma wɔ China no, yɛte hia a ɛho hia sɛ yedi mmara mu ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛfa Dodine nkae a ɛboro so ho no ase. Wɔakyerɛkyerɛ mmara mu asɛyɛde ahorow mu pefee ama nnipa a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa mu nyinaa, efi wɔn a wɔde ma so kosi akuafo, wɔn a wɔyɛ nnuan, ne aguadifo so.
Sɛ yedi saa mmara yi so a, yebetumi ahwɛ ahu sɛ kuayɛ mu nneɛma yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom, abɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho ban, na yɛakura wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no akwahosan mu. Yɛasi yɛn bo sɛ yɛde Dodine nneɛma a ɛyɛ papa - bɛma na yɛahyɛ nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa a wɔde di dwuma yiye wɔ kuayɛ adwuma mu no ho nkuran.
Sɛ w’ani gye ho sɛ wobɛtɔ Dodine nneɛma afi yɛn hɔ a, yɛma wo akwaaba sɛ wo ne yɛn nni nkitaho na yɛasusuw ho bio. Yebetumi ama wo nneɛma ho nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri, mfiridwuma ho mmoa, ne bo a ɛyɛ den. Momma yɛnbom nyɛ adwuma mfa nnya kuayɛ mu nneɛma a ɛbɛtena hɔ daa na ahobammɔ wom.
Nsɛm a wɔde gyinaa so
- Ɔman Aduan Ahobammɔ Gyinapɛn - Anohyeto a Ɛsen Biara a Ɛma Nnuru a Wɔde Di Dwuma Nnuan Mu (GB 2763) .
- Mmara a Ɛfa Nnuru a Wɔde Di Dwuma a Wɔde Di Dwuma Ho wɔ People’s Republic of China
- Nhyehyɛe ne akwankyerɛ a ɛfata a China Kuadwuma ne Nkuraase Nsɛm Dwumadibea de ama
